Professional rugby refers to the sport of rugby played at a level where athletes are compensated for their participation in the game. This encompasses various formats of rugby, primarily Rugby Union and Rugby League, and involves organized teams that compete in domestic and international competitions.

Professional rugby features structured leagues, tournaments, and championships where clubs or national teams strive for titles and financial success. Players in professional rugby are typically contracted to specific teams and may receive salaries, bonuses, and sponsorships. The sport has a dedicated fan base and generates significant revenue through ticket sales, broadcasting rights, and merchandise.

The evolution of professional rugby began in the late 19th century with the split between amateur and professional players, leading to the establishment of professional leagues in the 20th century. Today, it plays a major role in the sports industry, with numerous professional clubs and competitions worldwide, including prestigious events like the Rugby World Cup and various international leagues.