Banking refers to the industry and system involved in accepting deposits from the public, providing loans, and offering various financial services. It encompasses a range of activities conducted by financial institutions known as banks, which serve both individuals and businesses. The primary functions of banking include safeguarding money, facilitating transactions, providing credit, and enabling the movement of funds within the economy. Banking can be divided into several categories, including retail banking (services for individual consumers), commercial banking (services for businesses), and investment banking (services related to capital markets and asset management). Banks play a crucial role in the financial system by acting as intermediaries between savers and borrowers, aiding in the allocation of resources, and contributing to economic stability and growth.